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4 CFR 21.1 (c) (4):  Statement of the legal and factual grounds of a protest

Comptroller General - Key Excerpts

New Triad's protest fails to state a valid basis of protest. In Aleut Facilities Support Servs., LLC, B-401925, Oct. 13, 2009, 2009 CPD para. 202, we considered a similar protest challenging the agency's decision to cancel a solicitation to perform work in-house on the basis that the cost comparison performed by the agency violated DOD's in-sourcing guidance (as well as that the requirement was not one given priority under section 2463). We held that the protest failed to state a valid basis of protest, finding that section 2463 does not require a cost comparison and that, since the cited guidance issued pursuant to section 2463 was only internal DOD policy, the assertion that the agency did not adhere to that policy guidance is not a basis for challenging the agency's actions. Id. at 3-4; see Hughes Space and Commc'n Co.; Lockheed Missiles & Space Co., Inc., B‑266225.6 et­­ al., Apr. 15, 1996, 96-1 CPD para. 199 at 17; Indian Res. Int'l, Inc., B‑256671, July 18, 1994, 94-2 CPD para. 29 at 3. Although DTM 09‑007 was issued subsequent to our decision in that case, it likewise is only internal agency guidance; thus, the alleged violation of DTM 09‑007 is not a valid basis of protest.  (Triad Logistics Services Corporation, B-403726, November 24, 2010)  (pdf)

The jurisdiction of our Office is established by the bid protest provisions of the Competition in Contracting Act of 1984, 31 U.S.C. sections 3551-3556 (2000 & Supp. IV 2004). Our role in resolving bid protests is to ensure that the statutory requirements for full and open competition are met. Pacific Photocopy and Research Servs., B‑278698, B-278698.3, Mar. 4, 1998, 98-1 CPD para. 69 at 4. To achieve this end, our Bid Protest Regulations, 4 C.F.R. sect. 21.1(c)(4) and (f)(2008), require that a protest include a detailed statement of the legal and factual grounds for the protest. This requirement contemplates that protesters will provide, at a minimum, either allegations or evidence sufficient for this Office to reasonably conclude that a violation of statute or regulation has occurred. See, e.g., Saturn Landscape Plus, Inc., B-297450.3, Apr. 18, 2006, 2006 CPD para. 66 at 9. Bare assertions that an award was improper, with neither evidence nor explanation of the protester’s theory regarding the alleged violation, are insufficient to satisfy this Office’s requirements. Id.; Siebe Envtl. Controls, B-275999.2, Feb. 12, 1997, 97-1 CPD para. 70 at 2.

Here, as discussed above, View One protests that, notwithstanding the agency’s undisputed conclusion that there was only a “very slight” difference in the technical merit of the two proposals, and the undisputed conclusion that View One’s cost/price was more than 8.5 % higher than the awardee’s, the agency must have failed to perform a proper cost/technical tradeoff. This bare allegation, with no further evidence or even explanation of View One’s theory, fails to comply with the requirement that a protest provide a sufficiently detailed statement of the legal and factual grounds for the protest, 4 C.F.R. sect. 21.1.(c)(4) and (f); accordingly, it is insufficient to warrant further consideration by this Office.  (View One, Inc., B-400346, July 30, 2008) (pdf)


Our Bid Protest Regulations require that a protest include a detailed statement of the legal and factual grounds of a protest, 4 C.F.R. § 21.1(c)(4) (2003), and that the grounds stated be legally sufficient.  4 C.F.R. § 21.1(f).  These requirements contemplate that protesters provide, at a minimum, either allegations or evidence that the protester will prevail in its claim of improper agency action.  Military Agency Servs. Pty., Ltd., B-290414 et al., Aug. 1, 2002, 2002 CPD ¶ 130 at 4 n.4.  Here, as shown below, AATS's protest adequately sets forth the protester's assertion that the agency's price evaluation was inconsistent with the terms of the solicitation, and resulted in the wrongful selection of Mitkem instead of AATS for one of the awarded contracts.  In other words, AATS's protest here does sufficiently allege that the agency took particular actions and that these actions were contrary to law or regulation.[4]  See Charleston Marine Containers, Inc., B-283393, Nov. 8, 1999, 99-2 CPD ¶ 84 at 4.  (American Analytical & Technical Services, Inc., B-292100, June 11, 2003)

Comptroller General - Listing of Decisions

For the Government For the Protester
New Triad Logistics Services Corporation, B-403726, November 24, 2010  (pdf) American Analytical & Technical Services, Inc., B-292100, June 11, 2003 (pdf)
View One, Inc., B-400346, July 30, 2008 (pdf)  

U. S. Court of Federal Claims- Key Excerpts

Like the appellant in ITAC, Four Points alleges that the evaluators and the contracting officer were biased against Four Points, but the sole basis for this contention is its disagreement with their evaluation of Four Points and Command. Plaintiff’s Supp. Br. at 11. Here, there is no alleged conduct which might indicate a motivation for bias on the part of the CO or the evaluators. Criticism of Plaintiff’s performance on the incumbent contract in areas required to be evaluated or erroneous evaluations or inconsistent scoring do not rise to the level of motivation for bias. Rather, the numerous examples cited by Plaintiff to support its need to probe bias in discovery are judgmental conclusions of the CO or the evaluators which are part and parcel of the evaluation itself and capable of challenge in a bid protest in and of themselves. Nor was there alleged conduct by these individuals which was difficult to explain, absent bias. See Beta, 61 Fed. Cl. at 226. In short, there is an insufficient basis here for permitting inquiry into the alleged bias of these Government officials. As the Court of Federal Claims recently recognized: “A plaintiff challenging a procurement decision must do more than merely argue that an agency’s evaluation of its bid was erroneous to entitle it to discovery.” Beta, 61 Fed. Cl. at 226, citing, ITAC 316 F.3d at 1324 n.2.  (Four Points By Sheraton v. U. S. and Command Management Services, Inc., No. 04-1589C, January 6, 2005) (pdf)
U. S. Court of Federal Claims - Listing of Decisions
For the Government For the Protester
Four Points By Sheraton v. U. S. and Command Management Services, Inc., No. 04-1589C, January 6, 2005 (pdf)
 
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